Sushruta Samhita Uttaratantra Chapter 4 Suklagata Roga Vijnaniya (Diseases of the Sclera)

The 4th chapter of Uttaratantra of Sushruta Samhita is named as Suklagata Roga Vijnaniya Adhyaya. This chapter deals with Diseases of the Sclera.

अथातः शुक्लगतरोगविज्ञानीयमध्यायं व्याख्यास्यामः ||१||
यथोवाच भगवान् धन्वन्तरिः ||२||

 We will now expound the chapter by name Suklagata Roga Vijnaniya i.e. knowledge of diseases of the white of the eye (Sclera); as revealed by the venerable Dhanvantari.

Roga Sankhya – number of diseases

प्रस्तारिशुक्लक्षतजाधिमांसस्नाय्वर्मसञ्ज्ञाः खलु पञ्च रोगाः |
स्युः शुक्तिका चार्जुनपिष्टकौ च जालं सिराणां पिडकाश्च याः स्युः ||३||
रोगा बलासग्रथितेन सार्धमेकादशाक्ष्णोः खलु शुक्लभागे |

Below mentioned are the eleven diseases of the white portion of the eye (sclera) –

1.   Prastari Arma

प्रस्तारि प्रथितमिहार्म शुक्लभागे विस्तीर्णं तनु रुधिरप्रभं सनीलम् ||४||

Prastari Arma presents with the below mentioned features –

–        Grathita – It appears like a granthi – small tumour or cyst

–        Vistirna – is wide and spreading in nature

–        Tanu – is thin

–        Rudhira prabham Sanilam – has red colour mixed with blue colour

2.   Sukla Arma

शुक्लाख्यं मृदु कथयन्ति शुक्लभागे सश्वेतं सममिह वर्धते चिरेण |५|

Sukla Arma presents with the below mentioned features –

–        Mrudu – it is soft in consistency

–        Shuklabhage – is present on the white of the eye, sclera

–        Sashvetam – is white in colour

–        Samam – is even

–        Chirena vardhate – develops slowly

3.   Rakta Arma

यन्मांसं प्रचयमुपैति शुक्लभागे पद्माभं तदुपदिशन्ति लोहितार्म ||५||

Rakta Arma presents with the below mentioned features –

–        Mamsam prachayam upaiti – growth of muscular mass is seen on the white of the eye (sclera)

–        Padhmabham – resembles colour of lotus flower

4.   Adhimamsa Arma

विस्तीर्णं मृदु बहलं यकृत्प्रकाशं श्यावं वा तदधिकमांसजार्म विद्यात् |६|

Adhimamsa Marma presents with the below mentioned features –

–        Vistirnam – the growth of muscular mass over the white of the eye is broad,

–        Mrdu – the muscular growth is soft

–        Bahalam – the muscular mass is thick

–        Prakasham Shyavam Va – shining or blue in colour

5.   Snayu Arma

शुक्ले यत् पिशितमुपैति वृद्धिमेतत् स्नाय्वर्मेत्यभिपठितं खरं प्रपाण्डु ||६||

Snayu presents with below mentioned features –

–        Vriddhimetata – the muscles on the white of the eye increase in thickness

–        Kharam – is rough

–        Prapandu – pale or very white in colour

6.   Suktika

श्यावाः स्युः पिशितनिभाश्च बिन्दवो ये शुक्त्याभाः सितनयने स शुक्तिसञ्ज्ञः |७|

Suktika presents with the below mentioned features –

–        Bindavo – there are multiple dots or spots on the white of the eye

–        Shayavah – the spots appear blackish in colour

–        Pishitabha – they appear like muscles

–        Shuktyabha – resemble oyster shell in colour and appearance

7.   Arjuna

एको यः शशरुधिरोपमस्तु बिन्दुः शुक्लस्थो भवति तमर्जुनं वदन्ति ||७||

Arjuna presents with below mentioned features –

–        Eko yaj – presents with a single dot or spot

–        Shasha rudhiropama – the spot resembles rabbit’s blood in colour

–        Shuklastho bhavati – appears on the white of the eye (sclera)

8.   Pistaka

उत्सन्नः सलिलनिभोऽथ पिष्टशुक्लो बिन्दुर्यो भवति स पिष्टकः सुवृत्तः |८|

Pistaka presents with below mentioned features –

–        Utsanna Bindu – a spot on the white of the eye which is bulged up / raised

–        Salilabha – the dot resembles water or water bubble

–        Pishta Shukla – white in colour like rice flour

–        Suvrutah – round in shape

9.   Sirajala 

जालाभः कठिनसिरो महान् सरक्तः सन्तानः स्मृत इह जालसञ्ज्ञितस्तु ||८||

Sirajala presents with the below mentioned features –

–        Jalabhah Sira – appearance of veins on the white of the eye which are net like

–        Kathina – the veins are hard in nature

–        Mahan – are big,

–        Saraktah – slightly red in colour

–        Santanah – the veins are developed in a scattered way

10.       Siraja Pidaka

शुक्लस्थाः सितपिडकाः सिरावृता यास्ता विद्यादसितसमीपजाः सिराजाः |९|

Siraja Pidaka presents with below mentioned features –

–        Shuklastha sita pidakah – white coloured eruptions appear on sclera

–        Siravruta – eruptions are surrounded by veins which are nearly black in colour

–        Asita samipajah – located on the white of the eye but very closer to the black of the eye (cornea)

11.Balasa grathita

कांस्याभो भवति सितेऽम्बुबिन्दुतुल्यः स ज्ञेयोऽमृदुररुजो बलासकाख्यः ||९||

Balasa Grathita presents with the below mentioned features –

–        Kamsyabha Bindu – dots or spots resembling bronze in colour appear on the white of the eye

–        Ambu bindu tulyah – the dots appear like water bubble

–        Amrudu – not soft i.e. are hard

–        Aruja – painless

इति सुश्रुतसंहितायामुत्तरतन्त्रे शुक्लगतरोगविज्ञानीयो नाम चतुर्थोऽध्यायः ||४||

 Thus ends the fourth chapter by name Suklagata Roga Vijnaniya in Uttara sthana of Samhita.