AIAPGET Points
– According to Sushruta, Kshatatura (wounded patients) should be protected from NISHACHARAS. (Su.Ut.60/3)
– SAGRAHA – is a person being possessed by a GRAHA.
– The GRAHAS seize a person for the sake of – HIMSA, VIHARA and SATKARA.
– Daitya Graha is also called Devashatru Graha.
– Sthira Nayana and Avitatha Samskruta Prabhashi are the features of a person possessed by Deva Graha.
– The person possessed or seized by Gandharva Graha is fond of songs, perfumes, garlands, dancing and laughing.
– Persons affected by PITRU Graha are desirous of eating Mamsa, Tila, Guda and Payasa.
– Seizure by RAKSHASA Graha is marked by Nirlajjata, Ati Nishturata, Ati Shaurya, Ati Krodha, Vipula Vala and Shuchi Dweshi.
– Deva Grahas seize on Purnima – full moon day.
– Uraga Graha seizes on Panchami – 5th day of the month.
– The other name for Grahas is Bhutas.
– Japa, Niyama and Homa are the best treatments for persons seized by Grahas.
– Shirisha Bijadi Anjana, Naktamala Phaladi Anjana and Saindhavadi Anjana are described by Acharya Sushruta in the treatment of Graha / Bhuta.
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The 60th chapter of Uttaratantra of Sushruta Samhita is named as Amănușopasrga Pratiședha. This chapter deals with Treatment of Treatment of Persons Seized by Demons.
अथातोऽमानुषोपसर्गप्रतिषेधमध्यायं व्याख्यास्यामः ||१||
यथोवाच भगवान् धन्वन्तरिः ||२||
We will now expound Amanusopasarga pratiședha – treatment of persons possessed / seized by non- human beings (grahās / demons); as revealed by the venerable Dhañvañtari.
निशाचरेभ्यो रक्ष्यस्तु नित्यमेव क्षतातुरः |
इति यत् प्रागभिहितं विस्तरस्तस्य वक्ष्यते ||३||
Nisacaras means night prowlers (demons etc). The wounded patients should always be protected from the Nisacaras as already stated by me earlier. Now, they will be described in detail.
Grahajuşta Purusa – person seized by demons
गुह्यानागतविज्ञानमनवस्थाऽसहिष्णुता |
क्रिया वाऽमानुषी यस्मिन् सग्रहः परिकीर्त्यते ||४||
Sagraha means a human being possessed or seized by a graha – demon or supernatural entity.
The person with the below mentioned features should be considered as possessed by grahas –
– one who has knowledge of secrets, of things which would happen in future and of special sciences in spite of not having studied them earlier,
– has unsteadiness in all his activities,
– is intolerant and
– performs non-human activities
अशुचिं भिन्नमर्यादं क्षतं व यदि वाऽक्षतम् |
हिंस्युर्हिंसाविहारार्थं सत्कारार्थमथापि वा ||५||
The grahas would seize a person whether he is wounded or not. They seize when the person is unclean or violates the rules of right conduct. Purpose – The grahas seize a person for the sake of –
- Himsa – causing pain, trouble or misery,
- Vihara – causing fun and enjoying pleasure or
- Satkara – receiving worship, obeisance etc.
असङ्ख्येया ग्रहगणा ग्रहाधिपतयस्तु ये |
व्यज्यन्ते विविधाकारा भिद्यन्ते ते तथाऽष्टधा ||६||
देवास्तथा शत्रुगणाश्च तेषां गन्धर्वयक्षाः पितरो भुजङ्गाः |
रक्षांसि या चापि पिशाचजातिरेषोऽष्टको देवगणो ग्रहाख्यः ||७||
Grahas are innumerable. On the other hand the masters of these grahas who appear to have different forms and features are of eight categories / types. The eight devagana grahas are –
- Deva,
- Devasatru (daitya),
- Gañdharva,
- Yaksa,
- Pitara,
- Bhujañga,
- Rāksasa and
- Piśāca
Devagrahajusta purusa lakṣana – features of person seized by devagraha
सन्तुष्टः शुचिरपि चेष्टगन्धमाल्यो निस्तन्द्री ह्यवितथसंस्कृतप्रभाषी |
तेजस्वी स्थिरनयनो वरप्रदाता ब्रह्यण्यो भवति नरः स देवजुष्टः ||८||
Below mentioned are the features of a person seized by Deva Graha –
– always contended,
– clean,
– fond of scents and garlands,
– alert,
– speaks truth in a cultured way,
– has radiance,
– fixed and steady eyes (vision),
– grants boons like gods and
– is full of knowledge
Daitya Grahajusta purusa laksana – features of person seized by daitya graha
संस्वेदी द्विजगुरुदेवदोषवक्ता जिह्माक्षो विगतभयो विमार्गदृष्टिः |
सन्तुष्टो भवति न चान्नपानजातैर्दुष्टात्मा भवति च देवशत्रुजुष्टः ||९||
Below mentioned are the features of a person seized by Devasatru or Daitya –
– always perspires,
– speaks ill of brahmanas, preceptors and gods,
– has crooked eyes / sight,
– is fearless,
– always thinks and acts in wrongful ways,
– does not get satisfied with foods or drinks of any amounts i.e. he is insatiable and
– has a cruel mind
Gandharvagrahajusta purusa laksana – features of person seized by gandharva graha
हृष्टात्मा पुलिनवनान्तरोपसेवी स्वाचारः प्रियपरिगीतगन्धमाल्यः |
नृत्यन् वै प्रहसति चारु चाल्पशब्दं गन्धर्वग्रहपरिपीडितो मनुष्यः ||१०||
Below mentioned are the features of a person seized by Gandharva Graha –
– has contended mind,
– wanders near sand dunes and gardens,
– is good mannered,
– is fond of songs, perfumes and garlands,
– is devoted to dancing and laughing and
– speaks very less
Yakşagrahajusta purusa laksana – features of person seized by yaksa graha
ताम्राक्षः प्रियतनुरक्तवस्त्रधारी गम्भीरो द्रुतमतिरल्पवाक् [१] सहिष्णुः |
तेजस्वी वदति च किं ददामि कस्मै यो यक्षग्रहपरिपीडितो मनुष्यः ||११||
Below mentioned are the features of a person seized by Yaksa Graha –
– has copper coloured eyes,
– wears pleasant, thin and red garments,
– is dignified,
– is quick in mind or movements,
– speaks less,
– is tolerant and radiant and
– asks the other person – ‘what shall I give you or to whom shall I give’ etc.
Pitrgrahajusta purusa laksana – features of person seized by pitr graha
प्रेतेभ्यो विसृजति संस्तरेषु पिण्डान् शान्तात्मा जलमपि चापसव्यवस्त्रः |
मांसेप्सुस्तिलगुडपायसाभिकामस्तद्भुक्तो भवति पितृग्रहाभिभूतः ||१२||
Below mentioned are the features of a person seized by Pitr Graha –
– engaged in placing his forefathers on darbha (grass),
– offers balls of oblations to his forefathers,
– offers oblations in water also,
– is calm in mind,
– wears dress from the left side – i.e. from wrong direction (against wearing it from right side, which is normal),
– is desirous of meat, sesame, jaggery, milk pudding – as his food
Bhūjañga (nāga) grahajusta purusa laksana – features of person seized by bhujanga graha
भूमौ यः प्रसरति सर्पवत् कदाचित् सृक्किण्यौ विलिखति जिह्वया तथैव |
निद्रालुर्गडमधुदुग्धपायसेप्सुर्विज्ञेयो भवति भुजङ्गमेन जुष्टः ||१३||
Below mentioned are the features of the person seized by Bhujanga Graha –
– crawls on the ground like a snake,
– sometimes licks the angles of his mouth with his tongue,
– is always sleepy,
– desires to have jaggery, honey, milk and milk pudding in his fo
Rākṣasagrahajuşta purusa laksana – features of person seized by raksasa graha
मांसासृग्विविधसुराविकारलिप्सुर्निर्लज्जो भृशमतिनिष्ठुरोऽतिशूरः |
क्रोधालुर्विपुलबलो निशाविहारी शौचद्विड् भवति च रक्षसा गृहीतः ||१४||
Below mentioned are the features of a person seized by Raksasa Graha –
– is desirous of consuming meat, blood and different kinds of wines,
– is devoid of shame,
– is very tough, obstinate and very brave,
– is always angry,
– has great strength,
– wanders during night time and
– hates cleanliness (always remains dirty)
Piśācagrahajusta purusa laksana – features of person seized by pisaca graha
उद्धस्तः कृशपरुषश्चिरप्रलापी दुर्गन्धो भृशमशुचिस्तथाऽतिलोलः |
बह्वाशी विजनहिमाम्बुरात्रिसेवी व्याविग्नो भ्रमति रुदन् पिशाचजुष्टः ||१५||
Below mentioned are the features of a person seized by Pisaca Graha –
– is terrifying to look,
– is emaciated,
– has rough body,
– speaks irrelevantly for long periods,
– emits bad smell from his body,
– extremely unclean,
– too much greedy,
– eats food in excess
– moves about in places not inhabited by people, at night times,
– moves about in cold, snow and water at night time,
– runs about being agitated and
– runs as he cries
Asādhya – incurability
स्थूलाक्षस्त्वरितगतिः स्वफेनलेही निद्रालुः पतति च कम्पते च योऽति |
यश्चाद्रिद्विरदनगादिविच्युतः सन् संसृष्टो न भवति वार्धकेन जुष्टः ||१६||
Patients affected by graha presenting with below mentioned features are incurable –
– has swollen eyes,
– moves very quickly,
– emits froth from his mouth,
– is always sleeping,
– falls on the ground and trembles greatly,
– does not get hurt in spite of falling from a mountain peak, elephant or tree and
– those who are troubled from old age
Grahanakāla – times of seizure
देवग्रहाः पौर्णमास्यामसुराः सन्ध्ययोरपि |
गन्धर्वाः प्रायशोऽष्टम्यां यक्षाश्च प्रतिपद्यथ ||१७||
कृष्णक्षये च पितरः पञ्चम्यामपि चोरगाः |
रक्षांसि निशि पैशाचाश्चतुर्दश्यां विशन्ति च ||१८||
| Name of the Graha |
When do they seize? |
| Deva Graha |
Purnima – full moon days |
| Asura Graha |
Sandhya – meeting time of day and night |
| Gandharva Graha |
Generally on Ashtami – eighth day of the fortnight |
| Yaksha Graha |
Pratipada – first day of the fortnight |
| Pitr Graha |
After the lapse of black fortnight |
| Uraga / Bhujaga Graha |
Panchami – fifth day |
| Rakshasa |
During night time |
| Pisacha |
Chaturdashi – on fourteenth day |
दर्पणादीन् यथा छाया शीतोष्णं प्राणिनो यथा |
स्वमणिं भास्करस्योस्रा यथा देहं च देहधृक् |
विशन्ति च न दृश्यन्ते ग्रहास्तद्वच्छरीरिणम् ||१९||
Images of the objects are present in the mirror, water, oil etc. Feelings of heat and cold are present in the living beings. Red colour is present in the gem of the sun i.e. ruby. The soul is present in the body. But these are not visible. Similarly, the grahas are present in the body but are not visible.
तपांसि तीव्राणि तथैव दानं व्रतानि धर्मो नियमाश्च सत्यम् |
गुणास्तथाऽष्टावपि तेषु नित्या व्यस्ताः समस्ताश्च यथाप्रभावम् ||२०||
Below mentioned are always present in the grahas, either separately or in combination, depending on their strength –
– severe penances,
– charity,
– vows,
– righteousness,
– restraints,
– truth and
– the eight gunas (attributes, wealth, powers)
न ते मनुष्यैः सह संविशन्ति न वा मनुष्यान् क्वचिदाविशन्ति |
ये त्वाविशन्तीति वदन्ति मोहात्ते भूतविद्याविषयादपोह्याः ||२१||
These grahas neither remain with human beings nor enter into their bodies suddenly. If anyone says so, it is due to ignorance and they being devoid of any knowledge of Bhuta Vidya i.e. demonology.
तेषां ग्रहाणां परिचारका ये कोटीसहस्रायुतपह्मसङ्ख्याः |
असृग्वसामांसभुजः सुभीमा निशाविहाराश्च तमाविशन्ति ||२२||
The grahas which are likely to attack (seize or posses) the human beings are –
– the attendants of these grahas who are crores and crores in numbers,
– who consume blood, fat and flesh,
– who are terrific and
– move at nights
निशाचराणां तेषां हि ये देवगणमाश्रिताः |
ते तु तत्सत्त्वसंसर्गाद्विज्ञेयास्तु तदञ्जनाः ||२३||
देवग्रहा इति पुनः प्रोच्यन्तेऽशुचयश्च ये |
देववच्च नमस्यन्ते प्रत्यर्थ्यन्ते च देववत् ||२४||
स्वामिशीलक्रियाचाराः क्रम एष सुरादिषु |
निरृतेर्या दुहितरस्तासां स प्रसवः स्मृतः ||२५||
Among these Nisacaras i.e. night prowlers, the attendants serving the deva gana (gods or group of divine beings) should be recognized by seeing that they too have qualities of mind similar to the Deva Grahas. Among them, those who are clean, have pure mind and are indulged in pure activities are identified as Deva Grahas itself. They are worshipped and prayed for. They are the children of Niruti i.e. grandfather of demons and they cannot discard the qualities of their birth and family.
These attendants being pure, follow the scriptures and perform activities accordingly. Therefore they are included under Deva Gana itself.
सत्यत्वादपवृत्तेषु वृत्तिस्तेषां गणैः कृता |
हिंसाविहारा ये केचिद्देवभावमुपाश्रिताः ||२६||
भूतानीति कृता सञ्ज्ञा तेषां सञ्ज्ञाप्रवक्तृभिः |२७|
The deva etc ganas enter the persons who have deviated from truth, cleanliness etc and afflict (possess) them.
People who designate things by words have given the name Bhuta to those attendants who indulge in harming others and have abandoned the qualities of Devas.
ग्रहसञ्ज्ञानि भूतानि यस्मद्वेत्त्यनया भिषक् ||२७||
विद्यया भूतविद्यात्वमत एव निरुच्यते |२८|
Bhutas are also known as Grahas. Therefore, the physician should try to understand the Bhutas by studying Bhuta Vidya i.e. demonology.
तेषां शान्त्यर्थमन्विच्छन् वैद्यस्तु सुसमाहितः ||२८||
जपैः सनियमैर्होमैरारभेत चिकित्सितुम् |२९|
The physician who is desirous of pacifying the grahas / bhutas should commence the treatment of persons seized by them with the below mentioned methods –
– japa – meditation,
– niyama – keeping vows and
– homa – fire sacrifices
Cikitsa karma – modes of treatment
रक्तानि गन्धमाल्यानि बीजानि मधुसर्पिषी ||२९||
भक्ष्याश्च सर्वे सर्वेषां सामान्यो विधिरुच्यते |३०|
The common methods adopted in the treatment (to combat) of all Bhutas include offering –
– red coloured scents and garlands,
– seeds such as sarsapa, yava etc.
– honey,
– ghee and
– different kinds of bhaksya – eatables or snacks
वस्त्राणि गन्धमाल्यानि मांसानि रुधिराणि च
यानि येषां यथेष्टानि तानि तेभ्यः प्रदापयेत् ||३०||
The below mentioned should be offered as much as desired to the grahas, depending on whichever is liked more by them –
– garments,
– scents,
– garlands,
– flesh and
– blood
हिंसन्ति मनुजान् येषु प्रायशो दिवसेषु तु ||३१||
दिनेषु तेषु देयानि तद्भूतविनिवृत्तये |३२|
For driving away the Bhutas, the offerings should be especially made on those days on which the grahas might generally cause harm to the person.
देवग्रहे देवगृहे हुत्वाऽग्निं प्रा(दा) पयेद्वलिम् ||३२||
कुशस्वस्तिकपूपाज्यच्छत्रपायससम्भृतम् |
असुराय यथाकालं विदध्याच्चत्वरादिषु ||३३||
गन्धर्वस्य गवां मध्ये मद्यमांसाम्बुजाङ्गलम् |
हृद्ये वेश्मनि यक्षस्य कुल्माषासृक्सुरादिभिः ||३४||
अतिमुक्तककुन्दाब्जैः पुष्पैश्च वितरेद्वलिम् |
नद्यां पितृग्रहायेष्टं कुशास्तरणभूषितम् ||३५||
तत्रैवोपहरेच्चापि नागाय विविधं बलिम् |
चतुष्पथे राक्षसस्य भीमेषु गहनेषु वा ||३६||
शून्यागारे पिशाचस्य तीव्रं बलिमुपाहरेत् |३७|
| Name of the Graha |
Place of giving oblation and things which need to be offered |
| Deva Graha |
Oblation should be offered in temples after performing fire sacrifice.
Kusa, Svastika, Apupa, Ajya, Chatra and Payasa should be offered.
|
| Asura Graha |
Oblations should be given at the stipulated time i.e. on the day of seizure, at the meeting place of four roads |
| Gandharva Graha |
Oblation should be given in the midst of cows i.e. in the cowshed.
Wine, flesh of animals living in water and arid lands should be offered.
|
| Yaksha Graha |
Oblation should be offered inside a beautiful house.
Cooked grains, blood, beer etc. wines, garlands of atimuktaka, kunda and abja flowers should be offered.
|
| Pitr Graha |
Oblation should be offered on the bank of a river adorned by spreading Kusa grass. |
| Naga Graha |
Oblation should be offered on the river bank.
Different articles like guda, madhu, asava, payasa etc shall be offered.
|
| Raksasa Graha |
Oblations should be offered either at the meeting place of four roads or inside the thick forest. |
| Pisacha Graha |
Oblations should be given in an empty (vacant) house.
Foul things such as raw flesh, cattle feed, strong wines etc. should be offered.
|
पूर्वमाचरितैर्मन्त्रैर्भूतविद्यानिदर्शितैः ||३७||
न शक्या बलिभिर्जेतुं योगैस्तान् समुपाचरेत् |३८|
The grahas which do not respond to the hymns prescribed in the texts of Bhuta Vidya cannot be conquered (subjugated or driven away) by merely offering oblations. They should be treated by administering medicinal formulae.
अजर्क्षचर्मरोमाणि शल्यकोलूकयोस्तथा ||३८||
हिङ्गु मूत्रं च बस्तस्य धूममस्य प्रयोजयेत् |
एतेन शाम्यति क्षिप्रं बलवानपि यो ग्रहः ||३९||
Even powerful Grahas become quickly subjugated when the patient is exposed to the smoke of hairs of goat, bear, porcupine and owl, hingu (asafoetida) and goat’s urine.
गजाह्वपिप्पलीमूलव्योषामलकसर्षपान् |
गोधानकुलमार्जारऋष्यपित्तप्रपेषितान् ||४०||
नस्याभ्यञ्जनसेकेषु विदध्याद्योगतत्त्ववित् |४१
The below mentioned ingredients should be macerated in the bile of iguana lizard, mongoose, cat or black deer –
– Gajapippali,
– Pippalimula,
– Vyosa,
– Amalaka and
– Sarshapa
This should be used as nasal drops, for anointing and pouring on the body. These treatments should be conducted only by the physician who knows the techniques of the same.
खराश्वाश्वतरोलूककरभश्वशृगालजम् ||४१||
पुरीषं गृध्रकाकानां वराहस्य च पेषयेत् |
बस्तमूत्रेण तत्सिद्धं तैलं स्यात् पूर्ववद्धितम् ||४२||
Dung of donkey, horse, mule, owl, camel, dog, jackal, eagle, crow and boar should be macerated with goat’s urine. Oil should be prepared with this macerated dung. This oil should be used as said earlier.
शिरीषबीजं लशुनं शुण्ठीं सिद्धार्थकं वचाम् |
मञ्जिष्ठां रजनीं कृष्णां बस्तमूत्रेण पेषयेत् ||४३||
वर्त्यश्छायाविशुष्कास्ताः सपित्ता नयनाञ्जनम् |४४|
Below mentioned ingredients are macerated in goat’s urine –
– Sirisa Bija,
– Lasuna,
– Sunthi,
– Siddharthaka,
– Vaca,
– Manjistha,
– Rajani and
– Krsna
Now, this has to be used as a collyrium. Small sticks made out of this shall be dried in shade and later used as collyrium.
नक्तमालफलं व्योषं मूलं श्योनाकबिल्वयोः ||४४||
हरिद्रे च कृता वर्त्यः पूर्ववन्नयनाञजनम् |४५|
Sticks / wicks should be made from the paste of the below mentioned ingredients –
– fruit of naktamala,
– vyosa,
– root of syonaka and
– bilva and
– two types of haridra
These sticks should be made use of as collyrium as described earlier.
सैन्धवं कटुकां हिङ्गं वयःस्थां च वचामपि |
बस्तमूत्रेण सम्पिष्टं मत्स्यपित्तेन पूर्ववत् ||४५||
ये ये ग्रहा न सिध्यन्ति सर्वेषां नयनाञ्जनम् |४६|
Sticks should be prepared by macerating the below mentioned ingredients in goat’s urine or bile of fish as described earlier –
– Saindhava,
– Katuka,
– Hingu,
– Vayastha and
– Vaca
This should be applied as a collyrium. It is useful in treating the patients seized by grahas which do not respond to treatment.
Aparajita gana
पुराणसर्पिर्लशुनं हिङ्ग सिद्धार्थकं वचा ||४६||
गोलोमी चाजलोमी च भूतकेशी जटा तथा |
कुक्कुटा सर्पगन्धा च तथा काणविकाणिके ||४७||
वज्रप्रोक्ता वयःस्था च शृङ्गी मोहनवल्लिका |
अर्कमूलं त्रिकटुकं लता स्रोतोजमञ्जनम् ||४८||
नैपाली हरितालं च रक्षोघ्ना ये च कीर्तिताः |
सिंहव्याघ्रर्क्षमार्जारद्वीपिवाजिगवां तथा ||४९||
श्वाविच्छल्यकगोधानामुष्ट्रस्य नकुलस्य च |
विट्त्वग्रोमवसामूत्ररक्तपित्तनखादयः ||५०||
अस्मिन् वर्गे भिषक् कुर्यात्तैलानि च घृतानि च |
पानाभ्यञ्जननस्येषु तानि योज्यानि जानता ||५१||
अवपीडेऽञ्जने चैव विदध्याद्गुटिकीकृतम् |
विदधीत परीषेके क्वथितं, चूर्णितं तथा ||५२||
उद्धूलने, श्लक्ष्णपिष्टं प्रदेहे चावचारयेत् |
एष सर्वविकारांस्तु मानसानपराजितः ||५३||
हन्यादल्पेन कालेन स्नेहादिरपि च क्रमः |५४|
Below mentioned ingredients collectively comprise of Aparajita Varga or Gana –
– Old ghee,
– Medicinal herbs – Lasuna, hingu, siddharthaka, vaca, ajalomi, golomi, bhutakesi, jata, kukkuti, sarpagandha, kana, vikanika, vajraprokta, vayastha, srngi, mohanavallika, arkamula, trikatuka, lata, srotanjana, nepali (manassila), haritala,
– Rakshoghna Dravyas like – excreta, leather, hairs, fat, urine, blood, bile, nails etc. of lion, tiger, bear, cat, panther, horse, cow, ox, porcupine, hedgehog, iguana, camel and mongoose
From these ingredients, the physician should prepare medicated oil and ghee.
This oil and ghee shall be used in different forms i.e. for drinking, anointing, errhines (nasal medication / drops) and avapida nasya. The same ingredients can be made into sticks for use as collyrium. Decoction prepared from these ingredients is used for pouring on the body. They can also be made into dusting powder. Nice paste prepared from this powder should be used for poultice. This Aparajita Gana cures diseases of the mind in quick time when administered along with oleation therapy etc.
न चाचौक्षं प्रयुञ्जीत प्रयोगं देवताग्रहे ||५४||
ऋते पिशाचादन्यत्र प्रतिकूलं न चाचरेत् |५५|
वैद्यातुरौ निहन्युस्ते ध्रुवं क्रुद्धा महौजसः ||५५||
No unclean things should be offered to Deva Grahas as oblation.
No other Graha should be treated with forbidden things other than Pisaca Graha.
If this is done, these grahas being very powerful would become enraged and will surely kill both the physician and patient.
हिताहितीये यच्चोक्तं नित्यमेव समाचरेत् |
ततः प्राप्स्यति सिद्धिं च यशश्च विपुलं भिषक् ||५६||
All regimens of foods and activities indicated in Hitahitiya Adhyaya i.e. Sutra Sthana Section, chapter 20, should be adopted in practice daily. Only by doing so, the physician would attain success in treatment and great reputation.
इति श्री सुश्रुतसंहितायामुत्तरतन्त्रान्तर्गते भूतविद्यातन्त्रेऽमानुषोपसर्गप्रतिषेधोनाम (प्रथमोऽध्यायः, आदितः) षष्टितमोऽध्यायः।।६०।।
Thus ends the sixtieth chapter by name Amanusopasarga Pratiședha in Uttara Sthana of Suśruta Samhita.
